Physical Methods in Plant Sciences

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• Laser—Doppler Vibrometer Measurements of Leaves.
• 1 Introduction.
• 2 Materials and Methods.
• 3 Two Simple Models for Vibrating Leaf Tissue.
• 4 Experiments and Results with Clamped Leaves.
• 5 Experiments and Results with Free Hanging Leaves.
• 6 Discussion.
• References.
• Triplet States in Photosynthesis: Linear Dichroic Optical Difference Spectra via Magnetic Resonance.
• 1 Why Triplet States Are of Interest.
• 2 Information Obtainable from ODMR Spectroscopy.
• 3 Applications of ODMR in Photosynthesis.
• 4 Conclusions and Prospects.
• Laser Physical Methods: Laser Microprobe Mass Spectrometry.
• 2 Historical Survey.
• 3 Instrumentation.
• 4 Specimen Preparation.
• 5 Features of the Instrument.
• 6 Experimental Parameters of Different Groups.
• 7 Ion Formation Mechanisms and Characteristics of Spectra.
• 8 Efficiency of Different Microprobe Methods.
• 9 LAMMA Applications, Inorganic Ions.
• 10 LAMMA Applications Organic Compound Analysis.
• 11 Stable Isotopes as Markers.
• Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry.
• 1 Introduction to Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry.
• 2 Quantification and Stable Isotope Analysis of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds.
• 3 Quantification and Stable Isotope Analysis of Amino Acids.
• 4 Analysis of Oligosaccharides.
• 5 Analysis of Polypeptides.
• 6 Analysis of Glycoproteins.
• 7 Nucleotide Analysis.
• 8 Structural Characterization of Miscellaneous Secondary Plant Products.
• 9 Concluding Remarks.
• 10 References.
• Microdissection and Biochemical Analysis of Plant Tissues.
• 2 Freeze Stop.
• 3 Storage of Frozen Tissues.
• 4 Freeze-Drying.
• 5 Sample Containers.
• 6 Storage of Freeze-Dried Material.
• 7 Dissection of Tissue.
• 8 Determination of Sample Mass.
• 9 Biochemical Analysis of Samples.
• 10 Example for theComplete Procedure: Determination of Fumarase Activity.
• 11 Examples for Application: Intercellular Compartmentation of Physiological and Biochemical Properties in Plant Tissues.
• 12 Final Remarks.
• Photoacoustic Spectroscopy — Photoacoustic and Photothermal Effects.
• 2 Physics of the Photoacoustic Effect.
• 3 Measuring Systems.
• 4 Applications in Plant Analysis.
• 5 Further Development.
• Membrane Operational Impedance Spectra of Plant Cells.
• 2 The Laplace Transform.
• 3 Measuring Techniques.
• 4 Data Analysis Technique.
• 5 The Concept of Membrane Capacitance.
• 6 Conclusion.
• Image Instrumentation Methods of Plant Analysis.
• 2 Image Sensor Selection and Processing System.
• 3 TV Spectral Image Instrumentation.
• 4 Remote-Control Light Microscope System.
• 5 Image Instrumentation of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Transients.
• 6 Thermal Image Instrumentation.
• 7 Computed Tomography.
• Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis.
• 2 Principles — Application and Physics.
• 3 The Specimen.
• 4 The Spectrum.
• 5 Maps and Line Scans.
• 6 Quantitative Analysis.
• 7 Alternatives to EDX.
• 8 Conclusions.